如何快速构建一个简单的程序

waruqi 2016年7月19日评论已关闭阅读 4,490 次

首先我们通过内置的工程模板创建一个空工程:

“`bash
$ xmake create -P ./hello

create hello …
create ok!👌
“`

这个时候xmake将会产生一些工程文件，如下:

“`bash
$ cd ./hello
$ tree .

.
├── src
│ └── main.c
└── xmake.lua
“`

这个简单的程序仅仅只是为了打印输出： `hello xmake!`

“`bash
$ cat ./src/main.c

#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
printf(“hello xmake!\n”);
return 0;
}
“`

`xmake.lua`是基于lua语法的工程描述文件，它很简单：

“`lua
$ cat xmake.lua

target(“hello”)
set_kind(“binary”)
add_files(“src/*.c”)

“`

现在我们开始编译这个程序

“`bash
$ xmake

checking for the architecture … x86_64
checking for the Xcode SDK version for macosx … 10.11
checking for the target minimal version … 10.11
checking for the c compiler (cc) … xcrun -sdk macosx clang
checking for the c++ compiler (cxx) … xcrun -sdk macosx clang
checking for the objc compiler (mm) … xcrun -sdk macosx clang
checking for the objc++ compiler (mxx) … xcrun -sdk macosx clang++
checking for the assember (as) … xcrun -sdk macosx clang
checking for the linker (ld) … xcrun -sdk macosx clang++
checking for the static library archiver (ar) … xcrun -sdk macosx ar
checking for the static library extractor (ex) … xcrun -sdk macosx ar
checking for the shared library linker (sh) … xcrun -sdk macosx clang++
checking for the swift compiler (sc) … xcrun -sdk macosx swiftc
checking for the debugger (dd) … xcrun -sdk macosx lldb
configure
{
ex = “xcrun -sdk macosx ar”
, ccache = “ccache”
, plat = “macosx”
, ar = “xcrun -sdk macosx ar”
, buildir = “build”
, as = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang”
, sh = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang++”
, arch = “x86_64”
, mxx = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang++”
, xcode_dir = “/Applications/Xcode.app”
, target_minver = “10.11”
, sc = “xcrun -sdk macosx swiftc”
, mode = “release”
, make = “make”
, cc = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang”
, host = “macosx”
, dd = “xcrun -sdk macosx lldb”
, kind = “static”
, ld = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang++”
, xcode_sdkver = “10.11”
, cxx = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang”
, mm = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang”
}
configure ok!
clean ok!
[00%]: ccache compiling.release src/main.c
[100%]: linking.release hello
build ok!👌
“`

接着运行它:

“`bash
$ xmake run hello

hello world!
“`

或者进行调试

“`bash
$ xmake run -d hello

[lldb]$target create “build/hello”
Current executable set to ‘build/hello’ (x86_64).
[lldb]$b main
Breakpoint 1: where = hello`main, address = 0x0000000100000f50
[lldb]$r
Process 7509 launched: ‘/private/tmp/hello/build/hello’ (x86_64)
Process 7509 stopped
* thread #1: tid = 0x435a2, 0x0000000100000f50 hello`main, queue = ‘com.apple.main-thread’, stop reason = breakpoint 1.1
frame #0: 0x0000000100000f50 hello`main
hello`main:
-> 0x100000f50 <+0>: pushq %rbp
0x100000f51 <+1>: movq %rsp, %rbp
0x100000f54 <+4>: leaq 0x2b(%rip), %rdi ; “hello world!”
0x100000f5b <+11>: callq 0x100000f64 ; symbol stub for: puts
[lldb]$
“`

接着我们尝试构建一个android版本，这个时候得设置ndk路径，当然也能配置到全局配置中，一劳永逸

“`bash
$ xmake f -p android –ndk=~/files/android-ndk-r10e/

checking for the architecture … armv7-a
checking for the SDK version of NDK … android-21
checking for the c compiler (cc) … arm-linux-androideabi-gcc
checking for the c++ compiler (cxx) … arm-linux-androideabi-g++
checking for the assember (as) … arm-linux-androideabi-gcc
checking for the linker (ld) … arm-linux-androideabi-g++
checking for the static library archiver (ar) … arm-linux-androideabi-ar
checking for the static library extractor (ex) … arm-linux-androideabi-ar
checking for the shared library linker (sh) … arm-linux-androideabi-g++
configure
{
ex = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-ar”
, ccache = “ccache”
, ndk = “~/files/android-ndk-r10e/”
, sc = “xcrun -sdk macosx swiftc”
, ar = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-ar”
, ld = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++”
, buildir = “build”
, host = “macosx”
, as = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc”
, toolchains = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin”
, arch = “armv7-a”
, mxx = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang++”
, xcode_dir = “/Applications/Xcode.app”
, target_minver = “10.11”
, ndk_sdkver = 21
, mode = “release”
, cc = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc”
, cxx = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++”
, make = “make”
, dd = “xcrun -sdk macosx lldb”
, kind = “static”
, sh = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++”
, xcode_sdkver = “10.11”
, plat = “android”
, mm = “xcrun -sdk macosx clang”
}
configure ok!

$ xmake

clean ok!
[00%]: ccache compiling.release src/main.c
[100%]: linking.release hello
build ok!👌
“`

或者我们编一个iphoneos的版本，例如：

“`bash
$ xmake f -p iphoneos

checking for the architecture … armv7
checking for the Xcode SDK version for iphoneos … 9.2
checking for the target minimal version … 9.2
checking for the c compiler (cc) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang
checking for the c++ compiler (cxx) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang
checking for the objc compiler (mm) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang
checking for the objc++ compiler (mxx) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang++
checking for the assember (as) … gas-preprocessor.pl xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang
checking for the linker (ld) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang++
checking for the static library archiver (ar) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos ar
checking for the static library extractor (ex) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos ar
checking for the shared library linker (sh) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang++
checking for the swift compiler (sc) … xcrun -sdk iphoneos swiftc
configure
{
ex = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos ar”
, ccache = “ccache”
, ndk = “~/files/android-ndk-r10e/”
, sc = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos swiftc”
, ar = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos ar”
, sh = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang++”
, buildir = “build”
, xcode_dir = “/Applications/Xcode.app”
, as = “/usr/local/share/xmake/tools/utils/gas-preprocessor.pl xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang”
, toolchains = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin”
, arch = “armv7”
, mxx = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang++”
, ndk_sdkver = 21
, target_minver = “9.2”
, cc = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang”
, mode = “release”
, host = “macosx”
, cxx = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang”
, make = “make”
, dd = “xcrun -sdk macosx lldb”
, kind = “static”
, ld = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang++”
, xcode_sdkver = “9.2”
, plat = “iphoneos”
, mm = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang”
}
configure ok!

$ xmake

[00%]: ccache compiling.release src/main.c
[100%]: linking.release hello
build ok!👌
“`

最后我们尝试为mingw平台进行编译，sdk指定交叉工具链目录，交叉编译linux平台也可以这么用哦。。

“`bash
$ xmake f -p mingw –sdk=/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/

checking for the architecture … i386
checking for the c compiler (cc) … i386-mingw32-gcc
checking for the c++ compiler (cxx) … i386-mingw32-g++
checking for the assember (as) … i386-mingw32-gcc
checking for the linker (ld) … i386-mingw32-g++
checking for the static library archiver (ar) … i386-mingw32-ar
checking for the static library extractor (ex) … i386-mingw32-ar
checking for the shared library linker (sh) … i386-mingw32-g++
checking for the swift compiler (sc) … no
configure
{
ex = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/bin/i386-mingw32-ar”
, ccache = “ccache”
, ndk = “~/files/android-ndk-r10e/”
, sc = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos swiftc”
, sdk = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/”
, cc = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/bin/i386-mingw32-gcc”
, ndk_sdkver = 21
, buildir = “build”
, plat = “mingw”
, as = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/bin/i386-mingw32-gcc”
, toolchains = “/Users/ruki/files/android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin”
, arch = “i386”
, mxx = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang++”
, xcode_dir = “/Applications/Xcode.app”
, target_minver = “9.2”
, sh = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/bin/i386-mingw32-g++”
, mode = “release”
, host = “macosx”
, cxx = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/bin/i386-mingw32-g++”
, make = “make”
, dd = “xcrun -sdk macosx lldb”
, kind = “static”
, ar = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/bin/i386-mingw32-ar”
, xcode_sdkver = “9.2”
, ld = “/usr/local/i386-mingw32-4.3.0/bin/i386-mingw32-g++”
, mm = “xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang”
}
configure ok!

$ xmake

[00%]: ccache compiling.release src/main.c
[100%]: linking.release hello.exe
build ok!👌
“`

xmake还能直接在windows的cmd终端下，进行直接编译windows的程序，它会去自动检测当前系统装的vs环境，调用里面的cl.exe编译器进行编译，一切都是自动化的，我们不需要额外配置什么，只需要执行：`xmake` 就行了。。

例如：

“`bash
$ xmake

checking for the architecture … x86
checking for the Microsoft Visual Studio version … 2008
checking for the c compiler (cc) … cl.exe
checking for the c++ compiler (cxx) … cl.exe
checking for the assember (as) … ml.exe
checking for the linker (ld) … link.exe
checking for the static library archiver (ar) … link.exe -lib
checking for the shared library linker (sh) … link.exe -dll
checking for the static library extractor (ex) … lib.exe
configure
{
ex = “lib.exe”
, sh = “link.exe -dll”
, host = “windows”
, ar = “link.exe -lib”
, as = “ml.exe”
, plat = “windows”
, buildir = “build”
, arch = “x86”
, cc = “cl.exe”
, cxx = “cl.exe”
, mode = “release”
, clean = true
, kind = “static”
, ld = “link.exe”
, vs = “2008”
}
configure ok!
[00%]: compiling.release src\main.c
[100%]: linking.release hello.exe
build ok!
“`

顺便说一下，在windows下编译，xmake是完全支持多任务的哦，默认就是自动多任务构建的，比起以前在msys, cygwin里面用 gmake来编译快多了，因为windows下的gmake就算你启用了`-j 4` 也没啥效果，非常非常得慢。。。

———-

* [XMake项目主页](http://www.xmake.io)
* [XMake项目详情](http://www.oschina.net/p/xmake)
* [XMake项目源码](https://github.com/waruqi/xmake)
* [XMake项目文档](https://github.com/waruqi/xmake/wiki/%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95)